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A survey of referees’ physiological and technical performance

Weston, M. et. al. (2006) "The effect of match standard and referee experience upon the objective and subjective match workload of English Premier League referees", Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 9 (3): 256-262. [Citation|PDF]Mallo, J. et al. (2009) "Physical demands of top-class soccer assistant refereeing during high-standard matches", International Journal of Sports Medicine, […]

Implementing a Moneyball approach in complex team sports

B. Gerrard, "Is the Moneyball Approach Transferable to Complex Invasion Team Sports?", International Journal of Sport Finance, 2: 214-230, 2007. [Citation]This paper analyzes reasons for the success of Major League Baseball's Oakland Athletics as described in the best-seller Moneyball using a benchmarking technique and investigates the development of a knowledge-based strategy in conjunction with systematic […]

Club/player contracts: Another application of options pricing theory

P. Antonioni and J. Cubbin, "The Bosman Ruling and the emergence of a single market in soccer talent", European Journal of Law and Economics, 9(2): 157-73, 2000.This paper discusses the effect of the Bosman Ruling on the nature of contracts between club and player under the modeling framework of options pricing theory.  It uses the […]

Effect of manager turnover on team performance

ter Weel, B., "Does Manager Turnover Improve Firm Performance? Evidence from Dutch Soccer, 1996-2004", De Economist, 2001, to appear. [Link]Heuer A, Müller C, Rubner O, Hagemann N, Strauss B "Usefulness of Dismissing and Changing the Coach in Professional Soccer", PLoS ONE, 6(3): e17664, 2011. [Link]These two papers examine the impact of manager turnover on club […]

Fair referee assignments in football

Yavuz, M., Inan, U.H., Figlali, A. "Fair referee assignments for professional football leagues", Computers and Operations Research, 35: 2937-2951, 2008. [Citation][From the abstract] Assignment of referees to football games is an important problem faced in professional football leagues. Despite its importance, the problem has received limited academic attention. This paper presents a model and analysis […]

Sports scheduling and the traveling tournament problem

K. Easton, G. Nemhauser, M. Trick, "Solving the Traveling Tournament Problem: A Combined Integer Programming and Constraint Programming Approach", E. Burke and P. Causmaeher (eds.), Springer Lecture notes in Computer Science 2740, 63-77, (2004).  [PDF]The traveling tournament problem asks if there exists a competition schedule that allows teams in a league to play each other […]

When is the right time to make a substitution?

Football managers have few opportunities to directly influence a match — the starting lineup, the halftime team talk, and the substitutions available to him.  Substitutions can be made for tactical reasons, or they can be forced through injury.  If you consider only substitutions that are made for strategic reasons, when is the best time to […]